Chicken Mafé
Chicken Mafé, also known as Maafe or Peanut Stew, is deeply embedded in West African cuisine, particularly in countries like Senegal, Mali, and Guinea.
It's a dish that takes tender, boneless chicken thighs and bathes them in a rich, creamy sauce infused with the warmth of ginger, the kick of cayenne pepper, and the nuttiness of peanut butter.
This hearty, comforting dish is rounded out by a colorful medley of vegetables, including sweet potatoes, carrots, and cabbage.
What results from all of this is a delicious blend of savory and spicy notes.
Origins of Chicken Mafé
One of the things that I love about cooking is learning about the origins of dishes that are popular or special to a particular culture, and this dish is definitely one of those.
For those of you, like me, enjoy a little (brief!) history lesson, read ahead. For those that can’t be bothered, just skip ahead; there’s lots more interesting info below!
Chicken mafe, also known as "mafé" or "domoda," stands as a delicious testament to the culinary legacy of West Africa.
This savory peanut-based stew, adorned with tender chicken and an array of vibrant vegetables, carries within its flavors the tales of centuries-old traditions and the cultural fusion that defines the region's cuisine.
In the heart of West Africa, where the land is abundant with peanuts, indigenous communities crafted dishes that celebrated the bounty of their surroundings.
Groundnuts, as they're affectionately called in the region, have been cultivated for millennia, serving not only as a source of sustenance but also as a symbol of cultural identity.
The story of mafe intertwines with the indigenous culinary practices of West Africa, where ingredients like tomatoes, onions, okra, and leafy greens formed the cornerstone of everyday cooking.
These elements, simmered together in communal pots and seasoned with a blend of traditional spices, created dishes that nourished both body and soul.
The introduction of peanuts to West Africa during the 16th century by Portuguese traders marked a pivotal moment in the evolution of local cuisine.
The crop found a fertile home in the region's soil and climate, quickly becoming a dietary staple. Peanuts seamlessly integrated into traditional dishes, lending their unique flavor and creamy texture to stews, sauces, and snacks alike.
As colonial powers exerted their influence over West Africa, culinary traditions experienced a fusion of indigenous and European elements.
While the essence of mafe remained unchanged, colonial influences may have contributed subtle nuances to the dish's preparation and presentation.
In the modern era of globalization, the flavors of chicken mafe have transcended borders, captivating palates around the globe. Through restaurants, food blogs, and cookbooks, this West African delicacy has found its way onto tables far beyond its continent of origin, igniting a newfound appreciation for the rich tapestry of flavors that define West African cuisine.
How to Make Chicken Mafe
The specific instructions for my version are listed below, but here is the general gameplan:
Prepare the Protein: Start by selecting your protein of choice, whether it's chicken, beef, lamb, or even tofu for a vegetarian twist. Cut the protein into bite-sized pieces and season with salt and pepper.
Build the Base: In a large pot or Dutch oven, heat oil over medium-high heat. Sauté aromatics such as onions, garlic, and ginger until softened and fragrant. This creates a flavorful base for the mafe.
Infuse with Spices: Add a blend of ground spices such as cumin, coriander, and paprika to the pot. Toast the spices briefly to unlock their full flavor potential.
Creamy Peanut Sauce: Incorporate peanut butter into the pot, stirring continuously until it melts and combines with the aromatics and spices. Gradually add liquid (such as broth or water) to achieve a smooth, creamy sauce.
Simmer and Tenderize: Return the seasoned protein to the pot, along with any additional vegetables you desire. Allow the mixture to simmer gently until the protein is cooked through and tender, and the flavors have melded together.
Adjust Seasoning: Taste the mafe and adjust the seasoning as needed, adding salt, pepper, or extra spices to achieve the desired flavor profile.
Serve and Enjoy: Serve the chicken mafe hot, accompanied by rice, couscous, or crusty bread to soak up the luscious sauce. Garnish with fresh herbs or chopped peanuts for an added burst of freshness and texture.
Commonly Asked Questions About Cooking Chicken Mafe
Let’s answer some common questions I get about preparing Chicken Mafe.
What is chicken mafe?
Chicken mafe, also known as "mafé" or "domoda," is a flavorful West African dish featuring tender chicken cooked in a creamy peanut sauce, often accompanied by a variety of vegetables and traditional spices.
Can I use other proteins besides chicken?
Absolutely! While chicken is commonly used, you can experiment with beef, lamb, or even tofu for a vegetarian version. Just adjust cooking times accordingly to ensure your protein is cooked through.
Is chicken mafe spicy?
It can be, but it's totally up to you! You can control the heat level by adjusting the amount of hot chili pepper or cayenne pepper you add. Feel free to tailor it to your taste buds.
How do I make the peanut sauce creamy without it being too thick or thin?
The trick is to gradually add liquid (like chicken broth or water) to your peanut butter while stirring continuously. This helps achieve a smooth, creamy consistency. If it's too thick, add more liquid; if it's too thin, simmer it a bit longer to thicken up.
Can I make chicken mafe ahead of time?
Absolutely! In fact, the flavors often deepen and develop even more when reheated. Store it in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to 3-4 days, or freeze it for longer storage. Just reheat gently on the stovetop or in the microwave until warmed through.
What should I serve with chicken mafe?
Chicken mafe pairs perfectly with rice, couscous, or even crusty bread to soak up all that delicious sauce. A side of steamed vegetables or a fresh salad adds a nice contrast to the richness of the dish.
Can I customize the vegetables in chicken mafe?
Absolutely! You can throw in your favorite veggies or use whatever you have on hand. Carrots, bell peppers, sweet potatoes, and eggplant are all great choices. Just chop them into bite-sized pieces for even cooking.
How do I know when the chicken is cooked through?
The best way to check is by using a meat thermometer. Chicken should reach an internal temperature of 165°F (75°C) to be safe to eat. Alternatively, you can make a small cut in the thickest part of the chicken piece; if the juices run clear without any pink, it's done.
Can I make chicken mafe in a slow cooker or Instant Pot?
Absolutely! Both methods work well for chicken mafe. For the slow cooker, simply follow the recipe instructions up to step 4, then transfer everything to the slow cooker and cook on low for 6-8 hours or high for 3-4 hours. For the Instant Pot, use the sauté function for steps 2-4, then pressure cook on high for 15 minutes with a natural release.
Is chicken mafe a traditional dish?
Yes, indeed! Chicken mafe has deep roots in West African culinary traditions and has been enjoyed for generations. It's a beloved comfort food that brings people together around the dinner table.
What kind of peanut butter should I use for chicken mafe?
You can use either smooth or chunky peanut butter, depending on your preference. Both types will add a rich, nutty flavor to the dish.
Can I make chicken mafe without peanut butter for allergy reasons?
Certainly! While peanut butter is a key ingredient in traditional chicken mafe, you can substitute it with almond butter, cashew butter, or sunflower seed butter for a similar creamy texture and nutty flavor.
Is chicken mafe gluten-free?
Yes, chicken mafe is naturally gluten-free as long as you use gluten-free ingredients such as tamari instead of soy sauce and ensure that any store-bought chicken broth or tomato paste is labeled gluten-free.
Can I make chicken mafe in a vegetarian or vegan version?
Absolutely! You can omit the chicken and use tofu or tempeh instead for a vegetarian version. For a vegan version, use vegetable broth instead of chicken broth and ensure all ingredients are plant-based, including the peanut butter.
How can I prevent the peanut sauce from sticking to the bottom of the pot?
Stirring frequently while cooking and using a non-stick pot or Dutch oven can help prevent the peanut sauce from sticking. If it does stick a bit, simply deglaze the pot with a splash of broth or water.
What if I don't have all the spices listed in the recipe?
Feel free to get creative and use what you have on hand! You can substitute the listed spices with a pre-made spice blend like curry powder or garam masala for a flavorful twist..
How do I add extra flavor to chicken mafe?
You can enhance the flavor of chicken mafe by adding a splash of coconut milk for richness, a drizzle of honey or maple syrup for sweetness, or a squeeze of lime or lemon juice for a tangy kick.
Can I freeze leftover chicken mafe?
Definitely! Chicken mafe freezes beautifully. Allow it to cool completely, then transfer it to a freezer-safe container or zip-top bag. It can be frozen for up to 3 months. Thaw overnight in the refrigerator before reheating. That said, with my recipe, you shouldn’t have any leftovers since it’s perfectly portioned to serve two people. #nomoreleftovers
What wine pairs well with chicken mafe?
A light-bodied red wine like Pinot Noir or a crisp white wine such as Sauvignon Blanc pairs nicely with the complex flavors of chicken mafe. If you prefer beer, a light lager or wheat beer complements the dish well too.
Ingredients Needed to Prepare Chicken Mafe:
Vegetable Oil (divided): Used for sautéing the chicken and vegetables. Helps prevent sticking and adds richness to the dish.
Garlic (minced and divided): Adds aromatic flavor to the marinade and the sauce, enhancing the overall taste of the dish.
Ground Ginger: Provides a warm, spicy flavor that complements the other spices and adds depth to the marinade.
Cayenne Pepper: Adds heat and a kick of spice to the dish, balancing the flavors of the peanut sauce.
Salt and Pepper: Enhances the flavor of the chicken and vegetables, ensuring a well-seasoned dish.
Boneless, Skinless Chicken Thighs: Serve as the protein base for the dish, contributing a tender texture and absorbing the flavors of the marinade and sauce.
Onion (diced): Adds sweetness and depth of flavor to the sauce, serving as a foundational ingredient in many savory dishes.
Fish Sauce: Adds umami richness and depth of flavor to the sauce, enhancing the overall savory profile of the dish.
Tomato Paste: Provides a concentrated tomato flavor and adds richness and depth to the sauce.
Creamy Unsweetened Peanut Butter: Forms the base of the sauce, lending a creamy texture and nutty flavor that is characteristic of Chicken Mafe.
Chicken Stock: Provides liquid for the sauce, adding depth of flavor and richness to the dish.
Shredded Cabbage, Carrot, Sweet Potato, Yukon Gold Potato: Adds texture, color, and sweetness to the dish, contributing to its overall heartiness and nutritional value.
Scotch Bonnet Chile: Adds heat and a distinct fruity flavor to the dish, balancing the richness of the sauce with a spicy kick.
Cooked White Rice: Serves as a base for the Chicken Mafe, soaking up the flavorful sauce and providing a comforting and filling accompaniment to the dish.
Freshly Chopped Cilantro: Adds a fresh, herbaceous flavor and vibrant color to the finished dish, serving as a garnish.
Health Benefits of Chicken Mafe:
Chicken mafe offers several health benefits, thanks to its nutritious ingredients and cooking methods:
Protein: Chicken is a lean source of protein, which is essential for muscle growth, repair, and overall health. Protein also helps keep you feeling full and satisfied, which can aid in weight management.
Healthy Fats: Peanut butter, a key ingredient in chicken mafe, contains healthy fats, including monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats. These fats are heart-healthy and can help lower cholesterol levels when consumed in moderation.
Vitamins and Minerals: Chicken mafe is packed with vitamins and minerals from the variety of vegetables used, such as cabbage, carrots, sweet potatoes, and Yukon Gold potatoes. These vegetables provide essential nutrients like vitamin A, vitamin C, potassium, and fiber, which are important for overall health and immune function.
Antioxidants: Garlic, onions, and spices like cayenne pepper used in chicken mafe are rich in antioxidants, which help protect your cells from damage caused by free radicals. Antioxidants have been linked to a reduced risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer.
Heart Health: The combination of lean protein from chicken and healthy fats from peanut butter can promote heart health by reducing levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and triglycerides while increasing levels of HDL (good) cholesterol.
Blood Sugar Control: The fiber-rich vegetables in chicken mafe, such as cabbage and carrots, can help regulate blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity, making it a suitable option for individuals with diabetes or those looking to manage their blood sugar levels.
Gut Health: The fiber content in vegetables and the probiotics found in fermented foods like cabbage can support a healthy gut microbiome, promoting digestion and overall gut health.
Kitchen Equipment Needed to Make Chicken Mafe
To make Chicken Mafe, you'll need the following cooking equipment, each serving a specific purpose in the preparation of the dish:
Medium-sized Dutch Oven or Pot:
This is your main cooking vessel for preparing the chicken mafe. A Dutch oven or pot with a heavy bottom distributes heat evenly and retains heat well, allowing for even cooking and simmering of the ingredients.
Mixing Bowl:
A mixing bowl is used to combine the marinade ingredients for the chicken, such as vegetable oil, garlic, ginger, cayenne pepper, salt, and pepper. Mixing these ingredients thoroughly ensures that the chicken is evenly seasoned and infused with flavor.
Whisk or Spoon:
A whisk or spoon is needed to mix the marinade ingredients in the mixing bowl thoroughly. This ensures that the spices are evenly distributed and well combined with the other ingredients.
Measuring Spoons:
Measuring spoons are necessary for accurately measuring out the quantities of spices, such as cayenne pepper, ginger, and salt, needed for the marinade. Precise measurements ensure that the flavors are balanced and consistent.
Knife and Cutting Board:
A good, sharp knife and cutting board are essential for chopping and preparing the vegetables, such as onion, cabbage, carrot, sweet potato, and Yukon Gold potato, as well as the Scotch Bonnet chile. Evenly sized vegetable pieces ensure uniform cooking and a pleasing texture in the finished dish.
Wooden Spoon or Spatula:
A wooden spoon or spatula is handy for stirring the ingredients in the Dutch oven while cooking. It helps prevent sticking and ensures that the flavors are evenly distributed throughout the dish.
Cooking Spoon or Ladle:
A cooking spoon or ladle is used to portion out and serve the chicken mafe once it is cooked. It allows you to transfer the dish from the Dutch oven to serving plates or bowls efficiently.
Having these cooking equipment on hand ensures that you have everything you need to prepare Chicken Mafe efficiently and successfully, resulting in a flavorful and satisfying dish.
How I’ve Scaled Down the Recipe for Chicken Mafe to Serve 2 People
I scaled down the typical Chicken Mafe recipe to ensure that the dish remains perfectly portioned for two servings without compromising on flavor or balance.
This allows for a more manageable and convenient cooking experience while still enjoying the delicious flavors of Chicken Mafe.
Reducing Protein Quantity:
Typically, Chicken Mafe recipes call for a larger quantity of chicken, often using multiple chicken thighs or even a whole chicken. To scale down, I reduced the number of chicken thighs from the usual amount to a more manageable portion for two servings, which in this case is 2 boneless, skinless chicken thighs.
Adjusting Sauce Ingredients:
The sauce ingredients, such as vegetable oil, garlic, fish sauce, tomato paste, and peanut butter, have been scaled down proportionally to match the reduced quantity of chicken.
Minimizing Vegetable Quantities:
Similarly, the quantity of vegetables used in the recipe has been reduced to suit the smaller portion size. In the typical Chicken Mafe recipe, you might find larger quantities of vegetables like cabbage, carrots, and potatoes. In the scaled-down version, I adjusted the amounts to ensure that the dish remains balanced and not overwhelmingly full of vegetables for just two servings.
Adjusting Liquid Content:
When scaling down the recipe, the amount of liquid I used was adjusted accordingly.
Simplifying Garnishes:
Garnishes like freshly chopped cilantro are still included but in smaller quantities compared to larger batch recipes. This ensures that the dish remains balanced and not overly garnished for just two servings.
By making these adjustments, you'll craft a delicious version of the classic Chicken Mafe, just right for a wonderful meal shared between two.
Enjoy your cooking!
Chicken Mafe
Ingredients
Preparation
- Put oil, half of the garlic, ginger, cayenne pepper, salt, and pepper into a mixing bowl and whisk together. Add the chicken thighs and mix well. Cover and leave in the refrigerator for at least 2 hours or overnight.
- . Heat the oil in a medium-sized Dutch oven over medium-high heat. When hot, add chicken and cook until browned, about 4 minutes on each side. Remove chicken from the pan and set aside on a plate. Turn the heat down to low.
- Add the onion and a pinch of salt. Cook, stirring occassionally, until the onion becomes translucent, about 3 minutes. Add in remaining garlic, fish sauce, and tomato paste, and stir for 3 minutes. Stir in peanut butter and stock, scraping up any browned bits.
- Add back the chicken, as well as the cabbage, carrots, and potatoes. Bring to a boil and turn heat down to a moderate simmer for about 30 minutes, until the vegetables are tender and the sauce has thickened.
- Serve over white rice and top with pepper and cilantro.